Using the correct equipment, following a travel protocol and paying attention to the horse(s) are all part of horse trailer safety. Trailer accidents are far more common than most equestrians realize, and horses have been killed by rider negligence.
Equipment for Horse Trailer Safety
The first step to hauling horses from one place to another is to gather the necessary equipment for the safest trip possible. A truck, trailer and hitch are just the beginning, though it is important to make sure the trailer isn't too heavy for the truck's hauling capacity and the hitch is the right size for both the truck and trailer.
In addition, the following items are also necessary for horse trailer safety:
- Trailer ties
- Hay nets
- Rubber mats
- Leather halter
- Lead rope (or lead shank)
- Shipping wraps
Rubber mats are optional, but are best for trailering horses for long distances. They absorb the concussion of bumps in the road and are safer for the horse's legs. A leather halter is also an option, but is stronger and more durable for traveling.
Preparing a Horse for the Trailer
Before a horse ever steps foot on a trailer, he should be adequately prepared for the journey. First, groom the horse so that there is no dirt or debris on the coat and no rocks or dirt clumps in the hooves. It is also important to wrap the horse's legs with shipping or pillow wraps, but make sure they are not too tight and are positioned front to back.
Loading a Horse in the Trailer
Horse trailer safety requires that riders follow a simple protocol for loading a horse in the trailer. First, make sure that the trailer is hooked up to the truck, including the electricity, and the hitch is firmly fixed. Next, lead the horse toward the back of the trailer as confidently as possible.
Once in the trailer, slip the lead rope through the side slats to someone on the outside. Clip the trailer tie to the horse's halter—preferably on the side—and make sure the hay net is in place. A hay net isn't necessarily required for short trips, but will keep the horse occupied. Horse trailer safety is increased if the horse is not agitated or nervous.
Make sure the "butt bar" is in place if one exists, and wait for several minutes before hauling out to make sure the horse is not agitated.
Hauling a Horse in the Trailer
For horse trailer safety, it is important to take turns slowly and to drive carefully over speed bumps. Minimize the horse's discomfort by initiating stops as early as possible and don't try to back the trailer or turn sharply unless the driver is experienced.
Drivers should also keep the radio off so they can listen for any disturbances in the horse trailer. Excessive stomping, calling or banging can indicate a problem. If injury or agitation is suspected, pull over in a safe area to check on the horse.
When hauling long distance, horse trailer safety requires that drivers stop every 200 miles or so to let the horse get out and walk around. Stiffness in the trailer can lead to injuries, tying up, colic and other problems. Use rest stops and barns along the way for these short breaks.
Unloading a Horse from the Trailer
After reaching the destination, horse trailer safety dictates that drivers should come to a complete stop and turn off the vehicle before unloading a horse. Unlatch the back of the trailer and slip the lead rope or lead shank through the side slats and attach it to the center ring on the halter.
One person should hold the lead rope from the outside while the other should enter the horse trailer, unlatch the trailer tie and guide the horse out. Allow the horse to find his own way, testing the back of the trailer as long as he needs to before finally stepping down.
Other Considerations
Horse trailer safety does not necessarily preclude an accident. If the horse is excitable or agitated, it helps to fashion a ramp from a strong piece of wood if the trailer is not equipped with one. Additionally, it is never a good idea to trailer a horse without at least two people to assist.
Laura Thompson - Laura Thompson is a horseback riding instructor and freelance writer living in Houston, Texas. She is proud to be the feature writer for ...
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